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The Relationship Between Anxiety and Stuttering in...

What is the relationship between anxiety levels and stuttering in adolescents? The answer is still unclear. Many researchers have attempted to find out whether stuttering causes anxiety or if it is vice versa. Adolescence is a very emotional time, in which teens try to fit in and create their own identity and are experiencing who they want to become. Having a speech problem only makes the phase of adolescence the more stressing and difficult. That is why I wanted to see if adolescents who stutter have higher anxiety levels than fluent adolescents. One thing that has been proven however, is that anxiety levels in adolescents seem to be higher when the stuttering adolescents has had treatment for the disorder. This paper will review the†¦show more content†¦This type of anxiety occurs when an anticipated threat is going to occur. Individuals with this disorder tend to view the world as a dangerous and threatening place. These individuals tend to worry more than most people and feel inappropriately threatened by several things in the environment. On the other hand, state anxiety is a temporary uncomfortable experience that occurs when a person feels threatened by a situation ( ). The study obtained a conversational speech sample, of a minimum of 1,000 syllables, from the stuttering participants to measure stuttering severity. These were then rated by two final year speech language pathologist students from Curtin University of Technology. To determine what type of stuttering the participants had, the research had two stutter types: participants who had repetitions (collapsing across word and part-word repetitions), or prolongations/blocks by using the program Praat. The results indicated that there was no association between anxiety and stuttering severity and typography. However, the participants who stutter had significantly higher scores in the state and trait anxiety measure, than the control group. Davis, Shisca, Howell (2007) aimed to find whether young children and adolescents who persist in their stutter show differences in, trait and state anxiety compared with people who have recovered from their stuttering and a control group. The participants were 54Show MoreRelatedStuttering Is A Communication Disorder That Involuntary Effects The Fluency Of Speech1479 Words   |  6 PagesStuttering Stuttering is a communication disorder that involuntary effects the fluency of speech. Disfluencies in speech include both â€Å"nonstuttered† and â€Å"stuttered† disfluencies. â€Å"Nonstuttered† disfluencies include interjections, revisions, phrase repetitions, and other. Everyone produces disfluencies in their speech at times making â€Å"nonstuttered† disfluencies more typical in speech. â€Å"Stuttered† disfluencies are less typical and include word repetitions, sound/syllable repetitions, prolongationsRead MoreDomestic Violence and Social Problems1268 Words   |  6 PagesDomestic violence is a devastating social problem that impacts every sector of our population. Domestic violence is a pattern of abusive behavior in any relationship that is used by one partner to gain or maintain power and control over another intimate partner(USDOJ,2012). Domestic violence can be physical, economic, emotional, sexual, or psychological. Physical domestic violence is an attempt to impose physical injury such as grabbing, slapping, hitting, biting, etc. Physical violence can alsoRead MoreAcademic Abilities of Children with Selective Mutism1603 Words   |  7 Pages Development Research Academic Abilities of Children with Selective Mutism Children with selective mutism suffer from anxiety and the inability to speak in certain social situations. One very common social situation that all children face is in the classroom, with teachers and classmates. This situation is often the very first social situation that children are without their parents. This may have a correspondence to the act the selective mutism often emerges in preschool years (Cunningham, McHolmRead MoreAdolescence Is A Special Stage Of Development1685 Words   |  7 PagesHaving a baby is a huge change and bring huge responsibilities to future parents and to all the people around them.The best age to decide to having a baby is between the age of 24-36, when the future parents are mature enough to deal with this. This is the perfect age to get pregnant because the future parents at this age must have a good educational level and any of them have their college degree. Parents whom use drugs such as cocaine, marijuana, heroin, alcohol, etc must find med ical help, orRead MoreDomestic Violence and Spousal Abuse2094 Words   |  9 Pageshusband, which is known as intimate partner violence. It is also known as spousal abuse or domestic violence. Intimate partner abuse/violence is when a person in a relationship, whether married, sexually intimate, or cohabiting, and is being abused or treated in a violent way. The importance of IPV is that it happens to often in relationships, whether married, sexually intimate, or cohabiting. IPV abuse is very common in the United States, and many couples often experience at the least some form of abuseRead MoreDomestic Violence Essay4463 Words   |  18 PagesExecutive Summary The question of why men or women abuse and why men and women are reluctant to end abusive relationships may seem abstract, but theories have important implications how to understand the problem (Sampson, 2006). â€Å"An ecological perspective conceptualizes violence as a complex problem rooted in the interactions among various factors at the individual, family and community/societal levels of an individual’s environment (WHO, 2002). Learned helplessness has been applied toRead MoreFactors That Affect the Communication Skills of Criminology Students9253 Words   |  38 PagesCHAPTER I THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND Introduction Communication is the art of conversation between two or more persons by means of speaking, writing or using a common system of signs or expression. It requires training and experience to communicate well with other people. On the other hand, the act of communication involves verbal, non- verbal and para- verbal components where these components refer to the content of the message conveyed, the choice and arrangement of words, the messageRead MoreWhy Does a Lot of Students Feel Sleepy During Class Hours?6330 Words   |  26 Pagesskipped classes. All of these are common symptoms visible in high schools across the country. More specifically, the loss of REM sleep (rapid eye movement) may result in memory loss, a decline in information processing, increased irritability and anxiety, decreased socialization and humor, hypersexuality, mental fatigue, decrease in creativity, and a decline in the ability to handle complex tasks. And with consistent lack of sleep, the effects become more s erious. The long-term consequences can rangeRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesPerception? 166 Factors That Influence Perception 167 165 Person Perception: Making Judgments About Others 168 Attribution Theory 168 †¢ Common Shortcuts in Judging Others 170 †¢ Specific Applications of Shortcuts in Organizations 173 The Link Between Perception and Individual Decision Making 174 Decision Making in Organizations 175 The Rational Model, Bounded Rationality, and Intuition 175 †¢ Common Biases and Errors in Decision Making 177 Influences on Decision Making: Individual Differences and

Don Juan Analysis Essay Example For Students

Don Juan Analysis Essay A monologue from the play by Moliere NOTE: This monologue is reprinted from The Dramatic Works of Moliere, Vol. II. Ed. Charles Heron Wall. London: George Bell Sons, 1898. SGANARELLE: If you knew the man as I do, you would find it no hard matter to believe. I have no proof as yet. You know that I was ordered to start before him, and we have had no talk together since his arrival; but it is as a kind of warning that I tell you, inter nos, that you see in Don Juan, my master, one of the greatest scoundrels that ever trod the earth; a madman, a dog, a demon, a Turk, a heretic who believes neither in heaven, saints, God, nor devil; who spends his life like a regular brute, an epicurean hog; a true Sardanapalus, who shuts up his ears against all the admonitions that can be made to him, and who laughs at everything we believe in. You say that he has married your mistress; believe me, in order to satisfy his passion, he would have done more, and married along with her not only yourself, but her dog and her cat into the bargain. A marriage is nothing to him: it is the grand snare he makes use of to catch the fair sex. He is a wholesale marriage-monger; gentlew omen, young girls, middle-class women, peasant lasses, nothing is either too hot or too cold for him; and if I were to tell you the names of all those he has married in different places, the chapter would last from now till midnight. You seem surprised, and you grow pale; yet this is but a mere outline of the man, and to make a finished portrait we should require many more vigorous touches. Let it be sufficient that the wrath of Heaven must sooner or later make an end of him. He cannot escape; and it would be better for me to belong to the devil than to him. I am the witness of so much evil that I could wish him to be I dont know where. But if a great lord is also a wicked man, it is a terrible thing. I must be faithful to him, whatever I may think; in me fear takes the place of zeal, curbs my feelings, and often compels me to applaud what I most detest. Here he is, coming for a walk in this palace; let us part. But, listen: I have told you this in all frankness, and it has slipped rather quickly out of my mouth; but, if anything of what I have said should reach his ears, I would stoutly maintain that you have told a lie.

Never Give All the Heart

Introduction The poem, Never Give All the Heart, by W. B. Yeats appears to elaborate on the necessity of being more reserved when it comes to love wherein instead of giving it your all you have to keep something back.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Never Give All the Heart specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This is based on the various verses which place a significant emphasis on the potential repercussions of â€Å"giving your all† when it comes to love resulting in the undue heartbreak and hardship. The essence of the poem is that of a story of a man that has loved so much and so deeply that when his love was not returned or was even unrequited he fell into despair. Surface Story The story itself seemingly describes a lesson learned out of heartbreak wherein a person became so invested into loving someone that they did not realize until the bitter end that the person they loved did not love them in the sa me way resulting in heartbreak and sorrow. Overall, it can be seen that poem itself adheres to the traditional verse form of poetry where there is a consistent meter pattern (i.e. AA, BB) and utilizes a rhyming pattern that is not evident until the third verse. The content though is nevertheless crisp and decidedly modern. During the introductory portion of the poem, readers are introduced to the concept of keeping something back when falling in love. The author combines words such as women, passion and kiss to connote that while love is one of the best feelings in the world, it is something that is temporary, and burns out. For example, actions such as a kiss are temporary and a dream exists for just a single night and is often forgotten. In the middle 3 stanzas of the poem, readers are introduced to the fleeting nature of love. Terms such as fading, brief, and dream are utilized to connote that love itself is never truly permanent and that it is quite possible for it to fade away in time. In the last two stanzas of the poem, the author concludes that an individual that has given his all for love will unlikely do so again due the way in which such a love was lost. This can be interpreted as the author himself being unwilling to give it his all for love in the future due to some form of loss or even rejection that he experienced in a past relationship or even possible due to unrequited love.Advertising Looking for essay on literature languages? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More When examining the poem in even greater detail it can be seen that the author places a great deal of emphasis on utilizing a very concise method of delivering the message of the poem (i.e. never give your all for love) through the use of words with powerful meaning behind them. As such, instead of creating a long stream of words to deliver a message, the author relies on only a few words and has the reader interpret their deeper me aning in relation to the theme of the poem. Another interesting aspect of the poem is that it follows a distinct set of rules in its creation in that the use of rhyme as well as a very limited vocabulary set is evident. It is based on this that the poem can be considered a closed form of poetry since it adheres to a specific pattern and design in its creation. Symbolism in the Poem A more in-depth examination of the poem reveals a distinctly negative portrayal of women by the author. This is evidenced by the following stanzas: â€Å"Will hardly seem worth thinking of To passionate women if it seem†, â€Å"But a brief, dreamy, kind delight†, and â€Å"or they, for all smooth lips can say, Have given their hearts up to the play.† These parts seemly showcase love for a woman or even a woman’s interest in love as seemingly fleeting and temporary with men putting more into the relationship than woman. An immediate impression from this is that to love a woman i s to subject one’s self to the game of love which one can never truly win. You may be able to experience love, feel addicted to it but it is necessary to hold yourself back because to submit your entirety to love is to open one’s self to what the author states is a fleeting and fading dream that will inevitably disappear. Yeats connotes being in love as similar to being deaf and blind wherein due to the way in which an individual obsess and puts their love on a pedestal they tend to neglect the possibility that the person they love may not love them back in return or that they simply have lost interest. However, it should be noted that the symbolism, characterization of women and even the overall theme of the poem is not unique in the slightest. As such, when looking at the poem and thinking along this line of thought, it can be assumed that the poem is a reflection of the experience of the author wherein he loved a woman so much only to discover that it was a fleeting love since the woman either lost interest in him or turned him away. Another potential interpretation of the symbolism in the poem is that the author suffered under the effects of unrequited love and loved someone so much to the point that he was obsessed with them. Rhythm and Literary Devices Overall, the poem uses an AABB rhythm scheme starting from the 3rd stanza. Allegory is heavily utilized in various such as when the author correlates being deaf and blind to being in love.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Never Give All the Heart specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The concept of allusion is also utilized wherein the author implies that love is fleeting and brief. Such a description alludes to the way in which love can come and go which is a theme often utilized in numerous poems that deal with love. In fact, from a certain perspective it can be stated that the work of Yeast and its overall theme is far from unique to the extent that it seems to copy various bits and pieces from various works. On the other hand, it should be noted that with the sheer amount of literature that has been created that has dealt with the topic of love, this should not be surprising in the least. Conclusion Overall, I cannot state that the poem is of any considerable significance since it dwells on a theme and a topic that has been covered relentlessly by numerous poets since act of poetry started. It s based on this that I believe that the poem is a more personal work of the author, written to commemorate a point in his life where his heart was broken by love. This essay on Never Give All the Heart was written and submitted by user Willow Allen to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Integration of Heterogeneous Database free essay sample

Resource integration of heterogeneous database interoperability federated database 1. Introduction Heterogeneous database interoperability issues as a database research in the field hot and difficult issues at home and abroad, academic and industrial sectors have attracted wide attention. Since the 20th century, since the 80s, many foreign companies and research institutes to the integration of heterogeneous databases to conduct a large number of studies and achieved a lot of results, but the domestic research on the integration of heterogeneous databases is still in its early stage. The concept of heterogeneous database interoperability   Heterogeneous Databases (Heterogeneous Database) database technology integration is a completely centralized logical focus, physical distribution (traditional distributed database) as well as the logical distribution, physical distribution (heterogeneous database) the results of this development process, but also take into account existing systems self Sexual and achieve the reality of the new data-sharing needs of effective means. Heterogeneous database heterogeneous features include two levels: system level and language level, heterogeneous, mainly reflected in the following areas. We will write a custom essay sample on Integration of Heterogeneous Database or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page * Computer architecture, heterogeneous: respectively, each participating database can run on mainframes, minicomputers, workstations, PC or embedded system. * Heterogeneous operating systems: each database system is based on the operating system can be Unix, Windows NT, Linux and so on. of heterogeneous database management systems: a conceptual model of heterogeneous database. There are levels, network, relational and object-oriented 4; the other is the physical model of heterogeneous database: the conceptual model refers to the same but the data structure is different, such as the relationship between Oracle and SQL Server the same type, but the structure is different. The realization of interoperability of heterogeneous database consists of three functional elements: 1. o provide users with powerful and flexible operation of interoperable visual interface through which users can intuitively transparent access to multiple heterogeneous databases; 2. to provide high-level language database access call-level interface, as call-level interface, designers can achieve the level depending on the specific situation may be clear; 3. to support environmental and open, if possible, should also support the implementation language open. Heterogeneous database system aimed at achieving data between different databases of information resources, hardware and human resources of the combined and shared. Heterogeneous database systems integration is to a different database systems, operating systems, different operating platforms of different or the blocking of different underlying network, enabling users to heterogeneous database system can be regarded as an ordinary database system, with their own familiar data-processing language to access the database, as access to a database system, like its transparent operation. . to achieve heterogeneous database interoperability approach The face of heterogeneous database interoperability requirements, mainly from the two simultaneous efforts: First, establish standards, that is to establish a unified database of norms, standards eliminate the imperfect system resulting from the differences between various databases; second is to build interoperability of heterogeneous database platforms, achieve transparent access to multiple heterogeneous databases. With a database interoperability issues in-depth study, based on different perspectives, many researchers have put forward a viable heterogeneous database interoperability channel, these channels to achieve interoperability of the depth, breadth and height vary both in their respective to adapt to the specific environment and needs. The core idea of the database from heterogeneous starting to realize interoperable way to be summarized in two categories. 3. 1 system-level heterogeneous interoperability DBMS system for heterogeneous network environment database interoperability, the main there are four means of realization. * Database Gateway (Database Gateway) Database Gateway is a repeater; it can provide application-level integration of heterogeneous database tools. Gateways primary role is to convert and communications. Database Gateway can establish more stable and transparent database interoperability, but its shortcomings are obvious. Such as do not care about how to shield the heterogeneity between databases and does not upport transaction processing, resource redundancy, the user is limited in the database vendor cannot arbitrarily select the client platform and target database and so on. Database Gateway compared to more public agreements, scalability and openness, can better realize the transparency of heterogeneous database access, support for multiple network protocols and multiple client platforms, heterogeneous database interoperability to achieve an effective way to one. Public License / data transfer protocol drawback is that the agreement itself inefficiencies brought about by speed. * Public Programming Interface Common Programming Interface, including customer application programming interface (CAPI) and server application programming interface (SAPI). CAPI is a set of process libraries, usually resides on the client, through the back-end load specific drivers to access different databases. SAPI provides an application programming interface to control the server and client application requests and the interaction between the target database. Such as Microsoft, ODBC, Oracles SQL * NET, as well as IDAPI. Its advantages are: By providing a unified call-level interface, allowing users to remove the application database with the changes of the pain; through the API allows applications to manipulate data in the database directly. Database access APIs weaknesses are: a database for each one needs to have one with their corresponding drivers; due to different drivers supported by the data types and operations on the data are not the same as its fully transparent access to heterogeneous database capacity is limited; to achieve efficiency in over-reliance on the driver and the driver of the standard grammar into the corresponding database command syntax to spend a lot of time. Middleware is in the application and the application is located between the way the inner workings of the system software, and its basic idea is that in all the back-end data sources and front-end application to establish a layer of abstraction between. The application and system software at a lower level details of the attachment and complexity of segregation, so that application developers to deal only with certain types of a single API, and other details can be handled by the middleware. This allows the system to the operation of each of the different data sources into a single operation of the middleware, while the later pairs of middleware for heterogeneous processing. The use of heterogeneous database integration middleware technology to solve the problem, this will bring a lot of system integration benefits. This is because the middleware can not only make front-end user access to heterogeneous back-end databases to achieve transparency and to ensure the openness of the access interface, so you can make the system function in the future expansion easier. To access the database through the middleware Another advantage is that all client requests are sent to the middleware, reduce the burden on the database server to ensure that the database servers performance does not decrease. Meanwhile, the adoption of middleware greatly enhance the maintainability of the system, a logic within the system changes, as long as the change in the corresponding middle-tier processing, front user interface does not require any changes, so will be greatly reduced the system maintenance costs. 3. heterogeneous data structure and semantic-level interoperability. At present, the data structure and semantics for a heterogeneous database interoperability research are closely coupled and loosely coupled two kinds of thinking, specifically embodied in the multi-database systems, federated database systems and distributed database systems are three ways. 1. Multi-database system The so-called multi-database system is a way to accept and accommodate multiple heterogeneous database systems, allowing the various heterogeneous database of autonomy. Multi-database system is a broad concept, as opposed to, such as a centralized database systems or distributed database system that logically have the same management system for the purposes of its diversity and distribution in order for the main features. Multiple refers to the difference between its number of centralized or distributed database system; distribution refers to the data in different venues of database systems, by the respective management systems to manage. Multi-database technology, the goal is to achieve the interoperability between multiple databases, to address the resource-sharing database, to find a technical way. Commonly used distributed, heterogeneous, autonomous features as a measure to characterize the three multi-database system. Using this method, users need to explicitly specify the database to be accessed. Multi-database system uses a bottom-up methods. 2. Distributed Database (Distributed Database) The basic idea of distributed database is to abandon the original database system in a networked environment to establish the distribution of the database system, architecture, transaction processing models, and other aspects of re-engineering in order to address information sharing and interoperability issues. Distributed database system is divided into homogeneous and heterogeneous distributed database distributed database. Such as Oracle, Sybase, Informix and so on are all homogeneous distributed database system, the realization of such systems is relatively easier. Heterogeneous distributed database management systems are mostly some of the existing database management system based on the realized. 3. Federal Database (Federated Database) Federated database system is a distributed database network technology and the inevitable result of technological development, it is by a group to coordinate the work, but also the independent and autonomous component databases. It can be the original non-distributed, they can be distributed, with a distributed, autonomous, heterogeneous three characteristics. Federated database and distributed database systems are distinguished: a distributed database system while physically dispersed, but because there is a unified data model and the global data model, so it is logically centralized, so users feel is a complete database. Obviously, such systems can be used for a specific area of the system, but not suitable for different areas of integration between heterogeneous systems. On the contrary, the Federal-style database system is composed of loosely coupled at different nodes of the heterogeneous distribution of members of the database structure, among the members of the Federation as a loose combination. Constitute the members of the Federation can be a centralized database, it can be a distributed database, they can be required (by some combination of) joined the Federation, or as needed secede. Federated databases are not global schema, each subsystem (ie, the federal member) according to their own needs to develop their own data model. Data-sharing among its members, relations, through a consultation to determine the input / output mode to create a single member of the right to refuse or to allow other members of the nodes that access to it. Therefore, it can support multi-database systems are distributed, heterogeneous and autonomous, thus producing satisfactory integration. Interoperability of heterogeneous database technology makes database in the original technology to play an important role, in the future new areas of application also has important implications, such as the Earth Observing System EOSDIS, e-commerce, healthcare information systems, digital publishing, collaborative design, etc.

Scotch

Scotch Scotch Scotch By Simon Kewin The word Scotch has several meanings, but it should never be used as an adjective to refer to a person or object from Scotland. The only exception is that the word is acceptable as part of certain compound names, such as Scotch whisky, Scotch mist or Scotch broth. Words such as Scotchman or Scotchwoman are obsolete and frowned upon by people from Scotland. The correct words to use are Scottish or Scots. It would be wrong, for example, to say â€Å"The Scotch weather is frequently atrocious† but it would be quite correct to say â€Å"The Scottish weather is frequently atrocious†. Similarly, the Scottish newspaper is The Scotsman, not The Scotchman. The word Scotch on its own is (as well as being a registered trade name) often used as a shortened form of â€Å"Scotch whisky†. Therefore, it is just about permissible to say â€Å"Scotch man†, as in â€Å"I’m a Scotch man, myself†, but that would mean someone who enjoys or prefers to drink Scotch whisky rather than someone from Scotland. Footnote : Whisky and whiskey are often used interchangeably, but the two spellings identify the origin of the spirit. In the UK, â€Å"whisky† means the drink from Scotland, whereas â€Å"whiskey† is used when the source is Ireland. More widely, â€Å"whisky† is also used when referring to the Canadian and Japanese drinks and â€Å"whiskey† is generally used to refer to the drink when it is from the USA. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Misused Words category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:20 Great Opening Lines to Inspire the Start of Your Story15 Words for Household Rooms, and Their SynonymsPunctuation Is Powerful

Analyzing organizational change action plan Research Paper

Analyzing organizational change action plan - Research Paper Example It is imperative that a complete overhaul of the organizational structure is undertaken to reorganize it to fit the emerging changes. The alteration in this case will cut across the interests of all the stakeholders of the firm. Just to highlight the parties to the changes, the firm will start with the top management’s demutualization, introduction of new teams or systems, change agents and project implementation teams. The managing director of Landmark health care has been championing for the expansion of the firm and the point of emphasis is on change of plan of action. The issue of change is always characterized by uncertainty in terms of the future effects that follow the implementation of the proposed changes. However, a better future for the stakeholders of this health facility depends on the change in the structure of the management (Hill and Jones, 2013). On the side of administration, Landmark health care needs to cut down on the cost of running the organization through the large sums of money paid as salaries to the top management. To achieve this, the firm is engaged in consultative talks with human resource experts before considering eliminating some positions and introducing new ones. Decision making has been the bottle neck in attainment of the firm’s goals. This problem has been caused by a complex management framework and a lengthy chain of command which in turn has lead to a lot of bureaucracy. Some positions are redundant and just costly with negligible contribution to the performance of the firm hence their removal (Nanus & Dobbs, 1999). The leadership structure that Landmark health care requires must be visionary, open minded and tolerant to different opinions during decision making. A new team of managers that can propel this firm to greater heights must get rid of subjective decision but instead bring everybody on board when discussing matters of common interest so that the concept of objectivity comes in. This is one of the